As a thought exercise, contemplate this: what if the government forcibly removed children from their families and sent them far away; to a place where culture, language, family heritage and religions were literally beaten out of them, among other forms of violence to get them to comply. Imagine if their parent-given names were changed and if the traumas experienced in that place reverberated forward through ensuing generations. How would you feel? Would you allow it to be forgotten? Would you let it go? What if the country where it happened as the United States of America. Between 1879 and 1918, over 10,000 Native American children from 140 tribes, including family members in Red Elk’s Lakota and Dakota nations, were sent to Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Carlisle Industrial Indian School was only one tool the U.S. government used to annihilate the cultural memory of indigenous peoples on the continent going back many, many thousands of years. If it had happened to your people, how would you feel?

EDITOR’S NOTE: Poet Lois Red Elk sends her new year’s greetings to you, Mountain Journal readers, and with this edition of her column, Words From Open Earth, she shares a new poem coupled with another that formed the title of her critically-acclaimed volume of poems, Why I Return To Makoce. Together they speak to an unbreakable bond of connection that has persevered in spite of atrocities committed on U.S. soil and rank among the worst in recorded human history. As long as there is the life-giving spirit of Mother Earth present, she believes, no people are forever lost. And while there is pain in remembrance, Red Elk’s lyrical works show the strength of resilience—and, especially in these times, love. Mitakuye Oyasin is not mentioned specifically in the works below but it flows through the lines. It is a term that means “all my relations”—in other words our interconnectedness—each one of us— to everything else in the universe.

Rekindling My Lakota Mind

By Lois Red Elk

It’s been like a number of explosions, one

after the other, evenly paced and intentionally set, all

coordinated from a distance lifetime, from scrutiny

and study by a hungry mind. Some of the blasts

are a total surprise, like the early popping of Spring

ice that’s been slowly thawing by natural means, a

kind of warmth shattering hardened layers. Each

outbreak has been preparing since an old inner mind

spurt was revived by latent but familiar words heard

from my innocent childhood, from devoted thoughts

and current dreams – times slowly uncovered, not

lost but hidden for a survival prompt, an opening of

gates. You must understand how little pieces of me

were selected and carved out of me by knives called

theory, how my spirit was targeted and saved with

beatings and isolation called religion. Those dear

childhood units of self were tossed in the mired heap

of other stolen brain cells, cells chopped from blood cousins,

from so many other children who couldn’t

resist, didn’t know one horrible terror from the other.

I watched where they dumped all the innocent brain

stems, childhood memories, culture of indefinite time,

matrilineal tongue and songs of earth. All, like trash.

Total spirit was then set on fire with something they

called a warning, a place where we would be sent if

we didn’t listen, if we didn’t stop speaking our sacred

languages. It was a place they seemed to know well,

a place they called hell. So young, I witnessed how

strange creeds were transplanted into our pure mouths,

eyes, ears and hearts, so confusing it made no sense.

It would take the birth of new children being herded

into the same scene that reset my will, my pledge to

stop another hacking, another thieving go-around. I

retrieved all the bloody remnants we called sacred

evolution, bundled them like precious remains, lit

branches of sage and asked the Gods above and the

Gods below to breathe life back into the quiet but

undead children. Ancestors from the four directions

heard our prayers, rekindling our Lakota minds with joy

to keep ourselves together on Mother Earth.

©Lois Red Elk

Why I Return to Makoce

By Lois Red Elk

She was always there. No matter where I resided – near racing

freeways or crowded streets, near oceans or deserts, her calm and

strength was there permeating the smog, waste and crime. Every

day, she provides for the hearts, breath and being of the people,

I heard her. I know because I have listened to her private prayers

all seeing and hopeful for us human beings. She understands

herself as she knows her place in the universe. She keeps the pace,

that connecting force, that matches our pulse. She lends her breath

as air so we may breathe. She aided in our birth, her womb is our

life on earth. She’s cried joyously in rippling water and she speaks

of knowledge in stories of the Wamakaska. I’ve seen her arms

embrace the clouds and watched her finger tips caress the smallest

of stones, tiny insects, roots of giant trees and grains of grass. All

her prayers are in one of the oldest tongues of the Wahpetonwan,

the dialect of wooded earth, protecting all in shadows of intricate

light filtered through oval leafs. I’ve observed her teaching lessons

about hues of fog preparing to lift and reveal the stark transformation

of grasses, stems and tree branches all glistening in drops of dew, life

quenched with the refreshing moist breath of rivers and exhaling

swamp. I’ve watched how she places seeds in warm moist places

to lie quiet while a complex amount of energy and cells multiplied

for the beginnings of new life. I’ve listened to her laugh among

leaves of cottonwood, the rattling in precise tones for traditional

flutes and watched her feed the souls of all living with songs older

than the moon. In her morning prayers, she invites dawn through

bedroom curtains with murmurs transforming our unclear shades

of light into bright open spaces. She’s braced our bodies for our

work and travels and gives us a voice in the universe, shaking hands

with the morning star. Her love is shared when I watch the tender

moments as her smile unfolds clouds to extend relieving shade for

the innocent, her protective embrace for the children and animals.

Why I return to Makoce over and over is to embrace that assurance

of unity with all contained on Grandmother Earth and to accept the

peace she shares knowing all is well in her grace. My chest overloads

on ionized air after inhaling her continuing stories of light and dark,

the balance endorsed by tides and sun flares. No other love can take

care of life, without a price, can hold the unknown in balance

and can give generously spirit upon spirit to aid our sacred walk. This

has always been my seat, the warm place on her lap. It is my first

completion, my beginning in this area of the universe, and, it will be

this bodies’ final resting place as I leave with my spirit, to join the

wind that will circle her forever, our Maka Unchi, Maka Ina, Makoce.

©Lois Red Elk

Red Elk’s book, Why I Return To Makoce was edited by Montana’s recent state poet laureate Lowell Jagger. In reviewing the volume Heather Cahoon wrote, “These poems, which are steeped in Lakota cultural traditions, urge us to take a deep breath, to take initiative, and to not allow ourselves to drift back to the safety of chains. They encourage readers to believe that change is possible and that it is through our reconnection with the spirit realm.” Available through local independent booksellers.

Lois Red Elk-Reed is a poet who calls the high plains home. She is Mountain Journal's poet in residence.

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